Survey sampling and estimation methods form the cornerstone of modern statistical inference, underpinning research across the social, medical, and natural sciences. At their heart, these methods ...

Passive sampling techniques have emerged as indispensable tools in the monitoring of environmental pollutants. These methods involve the in situ accumulation of contaminants over extended periods, ...

The first video in Pew Research Center’s Methods 101 series helps explain random sampling – a concept that lies at the heart of all probability-based survey research – and why it’s important. Fresh ...

Stratified random sampling is a method of sampling that divides a population into smaller groups that form the basis of test samples.

Destructive sampling is a research method that involves intentionally altering or damaging a specimen to address specific scientific questions. Because this process is irreversible, the University of ...

Here at Pew Research Center, we are often asked about how we conduct our research. We work hard to make our methodologies transparent and understandable, but we also know that survey mode effects and ...

Ryan Toma (left) is a Research Scientist at Viome Life Sciences (WA, USA). He focuses on the design and implementation of clinical studies with the aim of harnessing Viome’s personalized nutrition ...