Before 1970, attempts had been made at injecting materials into the urethral wall to relieve incontinence, generally with poor results. Then, in the early 1970s, Solomon Berg reported on the use of ...

Injection of a bulking agent into the anal canal improves symptoms of faecal incontinence more than does a sham (placebo) treatment. The authors say this is the first time such a randomised trial ...

Injection of bulking agents into the urethral sphincter is the standard minimally invasive procedure used to treat stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Mayer et al. examined the safety and effectiveness ...

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a common condition that can have a significant impact on the quality of life of an individual. It is caused by failure of the sphincter mechanism at the ...

Postprostatectomy incontinence (PPI) refractory to conservative treatment can be managed with a urethral bulking agent or an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS). There are few prospective data ...